Everything happens in the operating system is process.Process is nothing but execution of program.It must be in sequential manner.
A process is defined as an entity which represents the basic unit of work to be implemented in the system.
A part of a computer program that performs a well-defined task is known as an algorithm. A collection of computer programs, libraries and related data are referred to as a software.
Life cycle:
Start:
It is the intial states where every process begins.
Ready:
Ready processes are waiting to have the processor allocated to them by the operating system so that they can run. Process may come into this state after Start state or while running it by but interrupted by the scheduler to assign CPU to some other process.
Running:
Once the process has been assigned to a processor by the OS scheduler, the process state is set to running and the processor executes its instructions.
Waiting:
Process moves into the waiting state if it needs to wait for a resource, such as waiting for user input, or waiting for a file to become available.
Terminated or Exit:
Once the process finishes its execution, or it is terminated by the operating system, it is moved to the terminated state where it waits to be removed from main memory.
Process Control Block(PCB):
A Process Control Block is a data structure maintained by the Operating System for every process. The PCB is identified by an integer process ID (PID). A PCB keeps all the information needed to keep track of a process
